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Migration and Urbanization
Nearly two thirds of developing countries responding
to the 2003 UNFPA global survey (97 of 151) reported
having taken some action on internal migration, compared
to 41 per cent of respondents in 1994; 52 per cent
have adopted plans on migration; 51 per cent have
plans to influence spatial distribution of the population
(including resettlement schemes, plans to
redistribute population by creating new economic
growth centres, and decentralization of social and
economic planning and political decision-making);
16 per cent provide services to internally displaced
persons; and 10 per cent have special institutions on
migration. More-urbanized countries, and those with
faster urban growth, were no more likely than other
countries to have adopted multiple measures to
address internal migration.
Three fourths of all governments, and nearly
80 per cent in developing countries, reported they
were dissatisfied with the spatial distribution of
their populations. The global survey indicates that
a majority of developing countries have formulated
policies on migration or allocated development
investments with the aim of influencing population
distribution. But the degree of attention given these
issues varies widely.(6) Further development of policies
addressing rural-urban movements and the conditions
of life within cities will require more detailed data
and research.
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