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1. Overview
Introduction
The Connections
Demographic Challenges and Opportunities
Milestones
Major Themes of the Report
Environmental Trends (Chapter 2)
Development, Poverty, and Environmental Impact (Chapter 3)
Women and the Environment (Chapter 4)
Health and the Environment (Chapter 5)
Action for Sustainable and Equitable Development (Chapter 6)
Cultural Change, Population and Environment
2. Environmental Trends
Water and Population
Water Availability
Water Quality
New Challenges
Feeding a Future World
Problems of Food-Deficit Countries
The Value of Genetic Diversity
The Meat Consumption Revolution
Moving Towards Food Security
Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Climate Change
Population and Climate Policy
Forests, Habitat and Biodiversity
Regional Environmental Trends
Asia and the Pacific
Africa
Latin America and the Caribbean
Western Asia
3. Developmental Levels and Environmental Impact
Determining the Impact of Human Activity
Poverty and the Environment
A Complex Interaction
Globalization and Poverty
Measuring Poverty's Dimensions
Win-win Solutions for Poverty and the Environment
Energy and Poverty
Rural Development and Population
Urbanization
Pollution
Loss of Farmland
Problems of Growth
Wasteful Consumption Patterns
Humanity's 'Ecological Footprint'
Environmental Refugees
4. Women and the Environment
How Environmental Degradation Affects Women
Powerlessness and Its Impact
Involving Women in Environmental and Health Decisions
Forging New Relationships
5. Health and the Environment
Demographic Change and Health
Pollution and Health Threats
Heavy Metals
Nuclear Contamination
Reproductive Health and the Environment
Reproductive Health Service Challenges
Exposure to Persistent Organic Pollutants
HIV/AIDS and the Environment
Biodiversity Loss and Health
Effects of Climate Change
6. Action for Sustainable and Equitable Development
A New Consensus
Multilateral Environmental Agreements
Initiatives Linking Population and the Environment
Africa
Asia
Latin America
North America
Needed Resources and Technical Assistance
Assessing the Costs of Inaction
Environmental Paybacks from Population-related Investments
Environmental 'Externalities' to Child-bearing
Alternative Scenarios
Changes in Age Structure
Recommendations for Action
Appendix: Global Agreements on Human Rights, Environment and Development, Reproductive Health and Gender Equality
Human Rights Treaties
UN Conference on Environment and Development
International Conference on Population and Development
Fourth World Conference on Women
World Summit on Social Development
The Millennium Declaration
Notes
Boxes
Charts and Graphs
Tables
Indicators
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