C O N T E N T S

INTRODUCTION: Rights, Empowerment and Development

CHAPTER 1: Reproductive Health and Human Rights

• The Legal Framework
• Components of Reproductive and Sexual Rights
• Reforming Laws and Policies
• Why Rights Matter

CHAPTER 2: Rights for Sexual and Reproductive Health

Poor Women, Poor Health

• Malnutrition/Anaemia
• Complications of Pregnancy
• Sexually Transmitted Diseases
• Abortion
• Female Genital Mutilation

Reproductive Health Services

• The Life Cycle Approach
• Integrated Health Programmes: Treating the Person in Context
• Prenatal Care, Attended Births
• Quality of Care
• Choice of Family Planning Methods
• Unmet Needs for Reproductive Health
• Lifting the Barriers

CHAPTER 3: Sexual and Reproductive Self-determination

• Adolescent Sexuality Voluntarism and Marriage
• Pregnancy and Childbirth: Intention and Reality
• The Principle of Non-coercion
• Violence Against Women

CHAPTER 4: Reproductive Rights and Sustainable Development

• Gender Equality
• Promoting Education
• Attacking Poverty

CHAPTER 5: Challenges and Needs

• Enabling Rights
• Towards Better Sexual and Reproductive Health

SPECIAL REPORT: Implementing the ICPD Programme of Action

TABLES (PDF files)

• Monitoring ICPD Goals—Selected Indicators
• Demographic, Social and Economic Indicators
• Selected Indicators for Less Populous Countries/Territories
• Notes for Indicators
• Technical Notes

CHARTS, GRAPHS AND MAPS

• Figure 1. Maternal Mortality Ratios, 1990
• Figure 2. Causes of Maternal Death, 1990
• Figure 3. New Cases of Curable STDs Among Adults, 1995
• Figure 4. Deaths from Unsafe Abortion
• Figure 5. Antenatal Care and Institutional Delivery
• Figure 6. Access to Contraception, 1994
• Figure 7. Births to Women Under 20 and Over 35, 1990–1995

BOXES

Introduction

1. Reproductive Health Access Up, Fertility and Population Growth Down
2. Integrating Reproductive Rights into the Treaty Monitoring Process
3. ICPD on Reproductive Health and Rights

Chapter 1

4. Universal Declaration of Human Rights
5. International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights
6. The Women's Convention
7. 'Women are Entitled to Decide'
8. IPPF Charter on Sexual and Reproductive Rights
9. Sexuality and Gender Relations
10. The Right to Family Planning
11. South African Constitution
12. Systematic Sexual Violence Against Rwandan Women

Chapter 2

13. AIDS: The Right to Protection
14. HIV/AIDS Spreads in Former Soviet Republics
15. Abortion and the International Community
16. ‘Give Up Harmful Practices, not Culture'
17. The Health Consequences of FGM
18. Culturally Sensitive Campaign to Eliminate FGM
19. Components of Reproductive Health Care
20. Comprehensive Services for Palestinian Women
21. When Will Japan Lift Ban on the Pill?
22. Meeting Unmet Family Planning Needs in Rajasthan, India
23. Restriction of Sterilization in Brazil

Chapter 3

24. Adolescents' Right to Reproductive Health Services
25. Chilean Youth Given a Forum to Discuss Their Sexuality
26. ICPD Programme of Action on Incentives
27. Reproductive Health Care Now Guaranteed in All Emergencies

Chapter 4

28. India Adopts ICPD Goals, but Gender Inequality Runs Deep

Special Report

29. NGOs Track Post-ICPD Progress
30. Youth Training and Peer Counselling on Reproductive Health
31. NGOs Promote ICPD Implementation

NOTES

The State of World Population 1997

Editor: Alex Marshall
Research and Writing: Stan Bernstein
Managing Editor: William A. Ryan
Editorial Assistant: Phyllis Brachman