Introduction
	Low-Prevalence Situations
	High-Prevalence and Rapidly Emerging Situations
	Emergency and Conflict Situations

Low-Prevalence Situations

In areas where HIV prevalence is low, the objective is to maintain those low levels, with the strategic preference to reach the sub-populations that may be more at risk for HIV infection (vulnerable groups) and subsequently for transmission (core transmitters).

Depending on the country and area, such individuals could include, among others, injecting drug users, migrant workers, long-distance drivers, men in the armed services, men who have sex with men, internally displaced persons, refugees, and sex workers.

In low-prevalence areas, while actions should be geared towards creating awareness and desensitising the general population, concerning HIV/AIDS, more focused actions need to be supported that would be effective and appropriate for reaching vulnerable and at risk sub-groups. This means determining which population groups are at highest risk of infection and ensuring the political will to safeguard them against the epidemic.

UNFPA may find that programming targeted-high-risk-group interventions within the context of a specific HIV prevention component project, would be more beneficial and produce better outcomes than trying to address HIV prevention through integration within on-going traditional family planning and maternal health component projects.

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