With
its population of over 31 million people, Kenya was the
first sub-Saharan African country to adopt a National
Family Planning Programme, to which UNFPA has been a
contributor since 1974. The most recent National Population
Policy document incorporates the principles of the International
Conference on Population and Development. In 2001, a
draft Adolescent Reproductive Health Policy was developed
and accepted by the National Council.
The relatively long history of population programmes
in Kenya has led to a number of successes. Kenya is
one of only a few sub-Saharan African countries to
experience a demographic transition. Since the late
1970s, total fertility per woman has decreased by
almost one half, and contraceptive prevalence has
doubled. Kenya has 6 million young people between
the ages of 15 and 24. Among 15 to 19 year olds, 40%
of females and 60% of males are sexually active. Among
unmarried, sexually active men, 82% have multiple
partners. Every year in Kenya 11,000 pregnant girls
drop out of school and do not return.
In 2001, the number of facilities in Kenya providing
integrated reproductive health and youth-friendly
services, including reproductive health commodities
like the female condom, increased significantly. Advocacy
activities through radio, television and workshops
also increased in 2001. Opposition from religious
groups is one impediment to the provision of information,
education and services for youth. Adolescents have,
however, been successfully served through outreach
efforts in the informal sector.
One of these successful education initiatives is
the "Youth
Variety Show", a weekly radio show project of
the Johns Hopkins University Center for Communication
Programs, Population Communication Services Project.
The project was a collaborative effort with the Family
Planning Association of Kenya, the National Council
for Population and Development, the Kenya Broadcasting
Corporation, and over 20 youth serving organizations
in Kenya. It included advocacy activities and print
materials, as well as radio programs. Episodes of
the "Youth
Variety Show" addressed issues of being an adolescent
including health, emotional development, physical
changes, pregnancy, STDs, and drug and substance abuse.
Specific topics covered included promotion of good
health, decision-making, career goals and objectives,
boy-girl relationships, communication with parents
and peers, teenage pregnancy, STDs including HIV/AIDS,
early marriage, and female circumcision. The high
production quality of the "Youth
Variety Show" attracted the support of UNFPA,
which is currently providing $900,000 to fund phase
two of the project.
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