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PROTECTING
THE FUTURE
St. Louis Post
Dispatch- August 1999 - Editorial
Two women sit on a
bench in a family-planning clinic in a crowded slum of
Amman, Jordan. At first glance, they couldn't be more
different. One, prim and veiled, sits stiffly while her
youngest son explores every nook and cranny in the
waiting room. The mother of six children, she uses birth
control to delay a seventh. The other woman, in makeup
and blue jeans, cradles her infant in her arms. She used
family planning to space her first and second children
and is using it again to delay a third.
One modern, one
traditional, but both have something fundamental in
common. They and their husbands believe that their
lives, and the lives of their children, are better and
happier when they decide when to have children.
These women are
far, from the power centers of the world, but they are
in the front lines of a global revolution. A demographic
revolution as Third World nations recognize that
unfettered population growth exhausts human and natural
resources and dooms nations to poverty and
underdevelopment. And, however begrudgingly and however
slowly, a feminist revolution links improvement in
women's lives access to education, economic opportunity
and family planning - with smaller families and slower
population growth.
Even with
scientific advances, like biotechnology, unchecked
population growth is an environmental disaster in
waiting. Rainforests, miracles of biodiversity, are
chopped down to provide inadequate farmland. Small
family plots are over-cultivated into barrenness. Water
supplies are stretched thin. The Sahara spreads.
Compared to many
Third World countries, Jordan, a desert country of 4.6
million has made real progress. Over 20 years, the
fertility rate, for example, has dropped from 7.4
births a woman to the albeit still high 4.4. Its infant
and maternal mortality rate have also declined although
they, too, remain disturbingly high. While it would be
move to discount the considerable obstacles that
continue to litter the path, the overall trend is
steadily downward.
What lessons does
Jordan's experience teach? The most valuable are:
Leadership
In addition to
government support of family planning, both Queen Noor
and Princess Basma, the wire and sister of the late King
Hussein, are long-time patrons of high-profile
foundations promoting family planning and women's
empowerment. Their involvement helps give these programs
and their goals legitimacy and cachet.
Public-private
partnerships
Non-governmental
organizations have the flexibility and freedom to
experiment with programs and approaches that financially
strapped governments don't. They are often better
situated to win the trust and participation of ordinary
people.
Grass-roots
organizing and low-tech solutions
To reach ordinary
women about family planning and other service, many of
these programs rely on training peers from the community
to spread the word. It's touching to see these women,
often shy and insecure, gain confidence, interpersonal
skills and self-respect as they gain the respect and appreciation
of their neighbors. Their teaching aids aren't very
sophisticated: clipboards and drawings.
Holistic approach
Family planning,
education and economic opportunity are inextricably
connected. In rural areas, puppet shows teach villagers
that girls deserve to go to school and micro-finance
programs fund women's herbal gardens. In small towns,
sewing cooperatives provide women with income and a
chance to for a better future. It's part of building a
world where women see themselves as more than mother.
On Oct. 12, the
world's population is expected to hit 6 billion people.
It is in many ways an occasion to celebrate because it
reflects the fact, as Dr. Nafis Sadik, executive
director or the United Nations Population Fund, observed
that "people today live longer and healthier lives
than any generation in history."
But it is also a
daunting challenge. Population growth is both explosive
and exponential. Imagine, the world's population did not
hit 1 billion until 1804. But, 123 years later, in 1927,
it reached 2 billion. By 1960, only 33 years later, it
hit 3 billion. In 1974, it reached 4 billion; in 1987, 5
billion. Now we're on course for 6 billion.
The numbers are
staggering, but they can be expressed in human terms.
"Today," said Dr. Sadik, "there are over
a billion young people between 15 and 24 years of age.
Their decisions about the size and spacing of their
families will determine how many people will be on the
planet by 2050 and beyond. Their decisions will also
help determine how they live in poverty or prosperity,
on a green and healthy planet or in a world devastated
by human activities.
At stake are people
-who need food and water, a home, an education, a job, a
life where dreams and hopes are not trampled at an early
age -and a world that's bountiful but not infinite.

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